The Danes, Swedes and Norwegians were the "northern people" of the Scandinavian countries. Originally, they spoke a common language and shared similar artistic expressions. They were simple people who did not travel to foreign lands. As opposed to their European neighbors, - court life, and the tastes of kings and aristocracy did not dictate their styles and ideas. As a result their customs and art have been untouched from outside influence. These rugs were originally intended to be used for warmth as bed covers, cushion covers or wraps rather than on the floor. The rugs were either flat weaves or tapestry weave. The knot was similar to the Turkish knot but was an original invention. Warp threads were wool, flax or hemp. The early rugs were made with no design; they were crudely woven, shaggy pieces all in one color. Gradually, zigzag lines, checks and geometric forms appeared. One of the first decorative motifs was the cross as well as, some crudely woven human figures. These rugs were unique; no two rugs were the same. They were often an important part of the marriage dowry. The initials of the couple, the marriage date, double hearts and representations of the bride and groom were often included in the design. Beginning in the mid 17th century the tree of life, flowers (with an emphasis on tulips), birds and animals were introduced.